Chapter 12
Words
While the shifting frontier Killed & kicked the Native Americans to Wounded Knee To make room for Cowboys Miners And farmers |
Gestures
Shift hands Punch & kick Touch knee Spread hands apart Lasso motion Pick-ax motion 2 hands represent 2-bladed plow |
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Notes
Time frame 1850s-1890s: “Shifting Frontier”/“Wild West”- Reality or Myth?
Transcontinental RR (1869) helped by land grants and standard gauge led to Boom West.
Plains Indians: nomads following buffalo on horses on the “Great American Desert” in conflict with settlers migrating west.
Fort Laramie treaties tried to set boundaries constantly broken mostly by settlers.
Indians forced onto reservations/unfair treatment --> WARFARE
Destroy the buffalo = conquer or kill the Indians.
Sitting Bull: spiritual leader of Sioux/Lakota
Crazy Horse: warrior leader; fought Custer at Little Big Horn.
Great victory? Last triumph- Army redoubled efforts.
Indians scattered or driven to reservations
Ghost Dancers massacred at Wounded Knee.
Dawes Act tried to make Indians into small farmers.
Homestead Act (1862) increased land distribution to farmers and speculators.
“Flood the prairies”
R.R. advertize and profit both ways: mail order houses Montgomery Ward and Sears & Roebucks.
Advances in farming plows and combines
Some places too dry for farming
Oklahoma last land rush (“Go West, young man.”—Horace Greeley)
Government says no more frontier (1890) except Alaska Yukon/Klondike Gold Rush 1898.
Time frame 1850s-1890s: “Shifting Frontier”/“Wild West”- Reality or Myth?
Transcontinental RR (1869) helped by land grants and standard gauge led to Boom West.
- Cattle Boom drives to Railheads--> Chicago --> Refer cars --> EAST
- Ranching as a business took over Western plains, cowboys and barbed wire.
- Miners—Gold in CA, Rockies, Dakotas; silver, lead, boom towns then ghost towns
Plains Indians: nomads following buffalo on horses on the “Great American Desert” in conflict with settlers migrating west.
Fort Laramie treaties tried to set boundaries constantly broken mostly by settlers.
Indians forced onto reservations/unfair treatment --> WARFARE
Destroy the buffalo = conquer or kill the Indians.
Sitting Bull: spiritual leader of Sioux/Lakota
Crazy Horse: warrior leader; fought Custer at Little Big Horn.
Great victory? Last triumph- Army redoubled efforts.
Indians scattered or driven to reservations
Ghost Dancers massacred at Wounded Knee.
Dawes Act tried to make Indians into small farmers.
Homestead Act (1862) increased land distribution to farmers and speculators.
“Flood the prairies”
R.R. advertize and profit both ways: mail order houses Montgomery Ward and Sears & Roebucks.
Advances in farming plows and combines
Some places too dry for farming
Oklahoma last land rush (“Go West, young man.”—Horace Greeley)
Government says no more frontier (1890) except Alaska Yukon/Klondike Gold Rush 1898.